While rivers flow on their own, writers have to work to make their writing smooth and coherent. Choppy sentences, poor word choice, nonexistent transitions and illogical structure can make an essay unclear and difficult to understand. Imagine yourself as the reader and improve parts of the essay that might give someone pause. Showcase your research by concentrating on the quality of the writing you use to communicate your findings. Create an outline to help determine where key points, which are the topics of your paragraphs, should go. Organize key points in a logical fashion, so that each paragraph leads into the next in a way that makes sense, whether it's chronological order, order of importance or another approach. Introduce the main point of each paragraph before you write supporting sentences.

Conclude each paragraph with a brief summary of the ideas you’ve just addressed. Include transitional words and phrases to indicate the relationships between connected ideas. Place words and phrases such as consequently and even though at the beginning of paragraphs or sentences to guide the reader through your paper. Youve been told your paper doesnt flow right, and youre not sure what that means or what to do next. You might have a paragraph, sentence, or idea that does not flow well into the next paragraph, sentence, or idea.

Though the river may contain twists new ideas and turns contrasting ideas , the trip should feel smooth and seamless overall. A paper without flow starts with calm waters, thrusts readers into white water rapids, then hurls them off niagara falls.

1 minimize boat turbulence by guiding your reader through each of your ideas. Practically speaking, you need to keep the previous sentence in mind as you proceed to the next sentence. And known new contract.

the paragraph below flows relatively well and makes use of reader empathy. I define reader empathy as an awareness of what readers might expect to read once they finish each sentence or paragraph.

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real life example amp break down: many of us have felt taken advantage of by the paper textbook industrywhether student or professor. the writer is now going to tell me how students and professors feel taken advantage of undergraduate students now pay anywhere from $700 $1,0 for paper textbooks annually, two to four times inflation rates and 20% the cost of fees and tuition at most four year schools christopher 11. students spend hundreds of dollars on titles that are picked for us worse, our professors do not always choose titles either. now shell talk about how professors might be taken advantage of or clarify what she means by publishers choosing titles textbook publishers commonly practice bundling, charging extra for mandatory materials that come with textbooks, such as accompanying workbooks or cds christopher 11. Reader empathy is difficult because you are required to put yourself in readers shoes after becoming totally immersed in your own thought processes. One way to increase reader empathy is to be cognizant of readers expectations, asking yourself what you would expect to read after each sentence.

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Have you ever read a paper a month after writing it and thought what the heck was i saying here!? as the paragraph continues, you can see the writer building on previous sentences logically using linking words/phrases. Such as transition words therefore, contrastingly, in addition , pronouns words that go in the place of nouns like it, they, those , and phrases that reference information in the previous sentence. More familiar to students than bundling writer reminds me that she just taught me about bundling and provides smooth passage into the next topic is the constant release of new editions, which are printed approximately every three years hull and lennie 60 and cost an average of 12% more than the previous editions zomer 5. Students would like to believe that these pronoun replacing new editions, the current topic are worthwhile however helps me anticipate a contrast between students thinking new revisions are worthwhile and something else one study completed by the student public interest research groups organization reported that new editions provide little educational gain zomer 5. 71% said that new editions of textbooks in their field are justified only sometimes or rarely zomer 5.

The writer consciously front loads the sentence with information from the previous sentence known information and ends with new information. The pattern is as follows: known information can mean information introduced in previous sentences, common knowledge, or both, like textbook publishers in the example above.

2 look at your overall idea path to see if it progresses logically make sure your river doesnt include niagara falls. Summarize the content of each paragraph or major section using a few words.

now that you have a basic outline of your papers content, look at the orderthe idea path. Where might subjects overlap or contrast each other? could your topics progress in a logical way chronological, small to large, etc ? for example, i see that i mention money in two parts, so i choose to move the topic of expensive paper textbooks to the bottom of the first section and inexpensive e textbooks right below that.

I also have the pros and cons of e textbooks, and they should probably be close to each other. I can even see a good opportunity for a transition between 2 amp 3 because 2 is discussing the good aspects of e reader technology and 3 is discussing the bad aspects of e reader technology. Anywhere you can create smooth transitions, do it, and highlight those commonalities, contrasts, or relationships for your reader. Though reading comprehension for e textbooks could go with students opinions of e textbooks positive because it is another positive aspect of e textbooks, i choose to leave it at the end in order to challenge students negative opinions on e textbooks and end on a positive note. If possible, it is best to think about the best logical order for your paper before you write the paper or as you write it.

The disadvantage to reordering paragraphs later is you will need to see how one paragraph flows into the next. No worries, though, just use my advice in the first section of this post! every student is dreaming of the paper help that can save time and efforts. Especially, when there are too many writing assignments to do with no time to cope with all of them. Anyway, to crafting a well organized research paper, essay, report or creative project remains to be a vital part of getting a good mark. Whenever you are writing any academic paper, the logical order and relevant transition will be the main criteria to make your paper flow. After that, it is better to proofread them throwing out all the weak sentences away.

Do not skip the dirty work, it will sure do you a favor at the end of the paper writing process. Make sure the topics and ideas flow logically forming a well organized and structured text. Get rid of all unnecessary and illogical elements, paraphrase, add or remove the text. You can make nice transitions with the help of several sentences or the so called link words. The matter is that transition is important for connections between the ideas, views, claims, statements made in an essay. In the most sophisticated papers, you will need special words and phrases to make a connection.

If you keep the following two principles in mind, you will definitely be able to write more professionally even the most complicated papers. There are many ways of increasing the chances for good grades, however, there is nothing easier than following these simple principles. They will especially come in handy when you want to find a better way to suffer through a summer school and do not want to rewrite the same essay over and over again.