How Bibliography Text

Jonathan Friesen - Writing Coach

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a bibliography is a list of the sources you used to get information for your report. You will find it easier to prepare your final bibliography if you keep track of each book, encyclopedia, or article you use as you are reading and taking notes. Start a preliminary, or draft, bibliography by listing on a separate sheet of paper all your sources. Note down the full title, author, place of publication, publisher, and date of publication for each source. Also, every time a fact gets recorded on a note card, its source should be noted in the top right corner. When you are finished writing your paper, you can use the information on your note cards to double check your bibliography. When assembling a final bibliography, list your sources texts, articles, interviews, and so on in alphabetical order by authors' last names.

Sources that don't have authors encyclopedias, movies should be alphabetized by title. There are different formats for bibliographies, so be sure to use the one your teacher prefers. Make a list to keep track of all the books, magazines, and websites you read as you follow your background research plan. Author and editor names if available title of the page if available the company or organization who posted the webpage the web address for the page called a url the last date you looked at the page the bibliographic information for different types of resources are located in different places, so you may need to do some detective work to get all of the information for your bibliography. Try looking in these places: the title page of a book, encyclopedia or dictionary the heading of an article the front, second, or editorial page of the newspaper the contents page of a journal or magazine the header at the top or footer at the bottom of a web site the about or the contact page of a web site when it is time to turn in your bibliography, type all of your sources into a list. Use the examples in mla format examples or apa format examples as a template to insure that each source is formatted correctly. A bibliography is a listing of the books, magazines, and internet sources that you use in designing, carrying out, and understanding your science fair project.

But, you develop a bibliography only after first preparing a background research plan mdash a road map of the research questions you need to answer. Before you compose your bibliography, you will need to develop your background research plan. With your background research plan in hand, you will find sources of information that will help you with your science fair project. As you find this information it will be important for you to write down where the sources are from. You can use the bibliography worksheet to help you, just print out a few copies and take them with you to the library.

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This way, when you are typing your bibliography you won't need to go back to the library and find any missing information. The more information you write down about your source, the easier it will be for you to find if you want to read it again. When you are writing your report, you will use the sources in your bibliography to remind you of different facts and background information you used for your science fair project. Each time you use some information from a source, you will need to cite the source that it came from. To cite a source, simply put the author's name and the date of the publication in parentheses author, date in your text. If the person reading your report wants to find the information and read more about it, they can look up the reference in your bibliography for more detail about the source. That is why each source you use must be listed in a detailed bibliography with enough information for someone to go and find it by themselves.

Your bibliography should include a minimum of three written sources of information about your topic from books, encyclopedias, and periodicals. Even though different journals may use a slightly different format for the bibliography, they all contain the same basic information. The most basic information that each reference should have is the author's name, the title, the date, and the source.

In american schools, the two most commonly used guidelines for this formatting are published by the mla modern language association and the apa american psychological association. Science buddies has summarized some of the most common mla formats for your use: mla format examples. Science buddies has summarized some of the most common apa formats for your use: apa format examples. On the science buddies website we use the following guidelines: apa format for online sources mla format for all other sources apa author, date, page format for citations in our articles plural bib 183 li 183 og 183 ra 183 phies 1.   the history, identification, or description of writings or publications 2 a.   a list often with descriptive or critical notes of writings relating to a particular subject, period, or author b.

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  a list of works written by an author or printed by a publishing house 167080 lt greek bibliographía. see biblio , graphy bib`liographic 601 712 græf 618 k bib`liographical, adj. bib`liographically, adv. 1. the science that studies the history of books, noting their physical description, publication, and editions. Homework study tips expert grace has worked with students for many years as an academic advisor and college enrollment counselor. She currently works as a student success coordinator at a university in georgia, where she teaches courses to help students improve academic performance, enhance research skills, and expand information literacy. Speeches, private records, diaries, web sites, and other sources you use when researching a topic and writing a paper. The bibliography is sometimes called works cited or works consulted. Your teacher will tell you which style to use, and for most school papers these will be either mla.

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Bibliography entries will include: author title of your source publication information date your entries should be listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the author. If you are using two publications that are written by the same author, the order and format will depend on the style of writing. In mla and turabian style of writing, you should list the entries in alphabetical order according to the title of the work. The author 39 s name is written as normal for the first entry, but for the second entry you will replace the author 39 s name with three hyphens. In apa style, you list the entries in chronological order of publication, placing the earliest first. The main purpose of a bibliography entry is to give credit to other authors whose work you 39 ve consulted in your research.

Another purpose of a bibliography is to make it easy for a curious reader to find the source you 39 ve used. Continue reading below bibliography entries are usually written in a hanging indent style. This means that the first line of each citation is not indented, but subsequent lines of each citation are indented. Lists of clay tablets have been found at nineveh and elsewhere the library at alexandria had subject lists of its books. Modern bibliography began with the invention of printing and at first consisted of trade bibliographies, i.e. Lists of the publications of important publishing houses, comparable to those in the present day publisher's trade list annual, british books in print, and books in print. there have been efforts at universal bibilography: in 1545 at z rich, konrad von gesner gesner, konrad von 151665, swiss scientist and bibliographer. Gesner was noted for his scholarship and erudition in almost every field of knowledge.

He lived in z rich and other european cities, teaching physics and natural history and practicing medicine and . click the link for more information. Published his bibliotheca universalis in 1895 the international institute of bibliography was established at brussels. There are national bibliographies, such as the library of congress catalog and the british museum catalogue subject bibliographies, such as sabin's dictionary of books relating to america and lists of the works of individual authors. Bibliographies of rare and old books include book prices current. the cumulative book index is a monthly bibliography of books in the english language that cumulates annually. the cambridge bibliography of english literature is useful for british publications, and the bibliographic guide to the study of the literature of the u.s.a., by c. The bibliographical index, which is cumulative, and world bibliography of bibliographies are useful compilations.

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