Phd Thesis Past Tense Text

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Posted about 4 years ago my supervisor 39 s general rule for any writing from rough ideas right through to the thesis is tell them what you 39 re going to tell them, tell them, tell them what you 39 ve told them. I interpreted that as in the intro, it 39 s future tense this thesis will , in the methods, results and discussion it 39 s present such and such data shows and the conclusion is past this thesis has shown and seemingly that 39 s what he meant. At least, when i 39 ve used that convention he 39 s not corrected me! lit review is a strange one. The instinct is to talk in the past tense, but i was told to talk in the present bloggs et. Showed , because while the research was in the past, you 39 re reading the results now. That's why we have been in business so long with many happy customers to show for it.

If you want our help today, just register with us online and then fill in the order form. In no time at all, one of our writers with an advanced degree in your essay's topic will begin to craft you a superbly written academic paper. Take that initial first step with our services at today and you'll be pleased with the results! the posting below gives some great tips on the use of present and past tenses in your writing.

It is from the february 2010 issue of the online publication graduate connections newsletter up next: mentors make the difference tomorrow's research writing about your research: verb tense consistency of verb tense helps ensure smooth expression in your writing. The practice of the discipline for which you write typically determines which verb tenses to use in various parts of a scientific document. In general, however, the following guidelines may help you know when to use past and present tense. If you have questions about tense or other writing concerns specific to your discipline, check with your adviser.

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At the time you are writing your report, thesis, dissertation or article, you have already completed your study, so you should use past tense in your methodology section to record what you did, and in your results section to report what you found. Whatever a previous researcher said, did or wrote happened at some specific, definite time in the past and is not still being done. Results that were relevant only in the past or to a particular study and have not yet been generally accepted as fact also should be expressed in past tense: smith 2008 reported that adult respondents in his study remembered 30 percent more than children. Smith's study was completed in the past and his finding was specific to that particular study. Previous research showed that children confuse the source of their memories more often than adults lindsey et al. The research was conducted in the past, but the finding is now a widely accepted fact.

To describe a fact, law or finding that is no longer considered valid and relevant. Nineteenth century physicians held that women got migraines because they were the weaker sex, but current research shows that the causes of migraine are unrelated to gender. Note the shift here from past tense discredited belief to present current belief. Use present tense to express general truths or facts or conclusions supported by research results that are unlikely to change in other words, something that is believed to be always true: genetic information is encoded in the sequence of nucleotides on dna.

The asserting took place in the past, but the earth is still revolving around the sun. Note also that no source citation is needed here since it is a widely known and well accepted fact that galileo made this assertion. Note how this statement differs from one in which you refer to the researcher's work in the sentence: singer 1982 stated that sexual dimorphism in body size is common among butterflies. Here you use past tense to indicate what singer reported, but present tense to indicate a research result that is unlikely to change. Use past tense to indicate what you did chose vietnam , but present tense to indicate you assume that the length of vietnam's coastline is unlikely to change. We used cornmeal to feed the fingerlings because it provides high nutritional content at a relatively low cost. Past tense reflects what you did used cornmeal , but present tense indicates that neither the nutritional content nor the cost of corn meal is likely to change.

Use the present tense in reference to the thesis or dissertation itself and what it contains, shows, etc. For example: table 3 shows that the main cause of weight increase was nutritional value of the feed. Table 3 will always show this it is now a fact that is unlikely to change, and will be true whenever anyone reads this sentence, so use present tense. These results suggest that feeds higher in nutritional value contribute to greater weight gain in livestock.

Use past tense to indicate what you found weight increased , but use present tense to suggest what the result sources: publication manual of the american psychological association, 5th ed. The comprehensive guide to writing in the health sciences, university of toronto. Languages and linguistics active participles present active participle past active. As i tend to shift seamlessly from past to present tense.use the present tense in reference to the thesis or dissertation. The method in past or present tense?phd thesis present or past tense students are searching: write my paper for me more than ever before.

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